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液壓(ya)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)結構(gou)基(ji)本上可(ke)以分為缸(gang)(gang)(gang)筒和(he)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)蓋、活塞和(he)活塞桿、密(mi)封裝(zhuang)置、緩沖裝(zhuang)置和(he)排氣裝(zhuang)置五個部分。今天威海力(li)建(jian)小編著重帶著大家(jia)了解一下(xia)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)筒和(he)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)蓋。

 缸筒(tong)和(he)缸蓋

一般來(lai)說，缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)和缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)蓋的(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)和其使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)材料(liao)有關。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作壓力p＜10MPa時(shi)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)鐵；p＜20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)；p＞20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)或(huo)鍛(duan)鋼(gang)。法蘭連接式(shi)，結(jie)構(gou)(gou)簡單，容易加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，也容易裝(zhuang)拆，但(dan)外形(xing)(xing)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)和重(zhong)量(liang)都(dou)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于鑄(zhu)鐵制的(de)(de)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)上(shang)。半環連接式(shi)，它的(de)(de)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁(bi)部因開(kai)了環形(xing)(xing)槽而削(xue)弱了強(qiang)度，為此有時(shi)要加(jia)(jia)厚缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壁(bi)，它容易加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和裝(zhuang)拆，重(zhong)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)輕，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)或(huo)鍛(duan)鋼(gang)制的(de)(de)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)上(shang)。螺紋連接式(shi)，它的(de)(de)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)端(duan)部結(jie)構(gou)(gou)復雜，外徑(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)要求(qiu)保證內外徑(jing)(jing)同心，裝(zhuang)拆要使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具，它的(de)(de)外形(xing)(xing)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)和重(zhong)量(liang)都(dou)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)或(huo)鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)制的(de)(de)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)上(shang)。拉桿(gan)連接式(shi)，結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)大(da)，容易加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和裝(zhuang)拆，但(dan)外形(xing)(xing)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，且較(jiao)(jiao)重(zhong)。焊(han)接連接式(shi)，結(jie)構(gou)(gou)簡單，尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)小(xiao)(xiao)，但(dan)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)底處(chu)內徑(jing)(jing)不易加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，且可能引起(qi)變形(xing)(xing)。

 叉車(che)起(qi)升缸活塞桿動作慢(man)、起(qi)升時門架有間斷(duan)或沖(chong)擊

故障檢查1：系統油量不(bu)足(zu)

故障排除：加油至油標線

故(gu)障檢查(cha)2：密封(feng)不良(liang)、油管連接不緊(jin)造(zao)成(cheng)漏油、油管損壞

故障排除：加密封，擰(ning)緊管(guan)接頭(tou)，更換油管(guan)

故(gu)障(zhang)檢查3：油(you)泵故(gu)障(zhang)致(zhi)供油(you)不足

故障排(pai)除(chu)：修(xiu)理或更(geng)換(huan)油泵

故障檢(jian)查(cha)4：安全(quan)閥調(diao)整不(bu)當或損壞

故障排除：調整或修(xiu)理安全閥

故障檢查5：液壓過濾(lv)器堵塞(sai)

故障排除(chu)：清(qing)洗或更換液壓油濾清(qing)器

故障檢(jian)查6：液壓系統(tong)中有空(kong)氣

故障排除：將(jiang)空氣排除

活塞式液壓缸根(gen)據其使用要求不(bu)同可分為雙桿式和單桿式兩種。

(1)雙桿式活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)缸(gang)。活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)兩端都有(you)一(yi)(yi)根直徑相等(deng)的活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)桿伸出的液壓缸(gang)稱為雙桿式活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)缸(gang)，它一(yi)(yi)般由缸(gang)體、缸(gang)蓋(gai)、活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)、活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)桿和密封(feng)件等(deng)零件構(gou)成。根據(ju)安裝(zhuang)方式不(bu)同可分為缸(gang)筒固(gu)定式和活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)桿固(gu)定式兩種。

雙(shuang)桿活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)缸。它的(de)(de)(de)進、出(chu)口(kou)布置在缸筒(tong)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)，活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)通過(guo)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿帶動(dong)工(gong)作臺(tai)移(yi)動(dong)，當活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效行程為l時，整個工(gong)作臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)運動(dong)范圍(wei)為3l，所以(yi)機(ji)床占(zhan)地面(mian)積(ji)大(da)，一般適用于小型(xing)機(ji)床，當工(gong)作臺(tai)行程要求較長時，活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿固定的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)，這時，缸體與(yu)工(gong)作臺(tai)相連，活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿通過(guo)支架(jia)固定在機(ji)床上，動(dong)力(li)由缸體傳(chuan)出(chu)。這種安裝形(xing)式(shi)中，工(gong)作臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)移(yi)動(dong)范圍(wei)只等(deng)于液壓缸有(you)效行程l的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)倍(2l)，因此占(zhan)地面(mian)積(ji)小。進出(chu)油口(kou)可以(yi)設(she)置在固定不(bu)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)空心的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)，但必須使(shi)用軟(ruan)管連接。